In Vitro Determination of Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition, Antioxidant Capacity and Phenolic Content of Various Natural Products (Bee and Herbal Products).

This study focuses on in vitro determination of nitric oxide synthase inhibition, antioxidant capacity and phenolic content of various natural products (bee and herbal products).. The research employs high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) techniques to address analytical challenges in the chemical field. It is obvious that the oxidation process is an undeniable fact and when it comes to aging, one of the first solutions that come to mind is natural products. When it comes to natural products, both plants and bee products play an important, almost combative role against oxidation. For this... Research Background and Significance Nitric oxide (NO) is a pivotal biological signaling molecule involved in various physiological and pathological processes. The enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS) catalyzes the production of NO from L-arginine, and its dysregulation is linked to inflammation, neurodegeneration, and cardiovascular diseases. Consequently, inhibition of NOS has become a therapeutic target in controlling oxidative stress-related disorders. Natural products, particularly bee and herbal derivatives, are rich in phenolic compounds known for their antioxidant properties and potential to modulate enzymatic activities such as NOS inhibition. This study addresses the critical need to evaluate the inhibitory effects of such natural products on NOS activity, alongside assessing their antioxidant capacities and phenolic content. Leveraging high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) enables accurate, reliable, and reproducible quantification of bioactive compounds within complex matrices. The significance of this research lies in validating an HPLC-based analytical platform to support the discovery and characterization of natural inhibitors from bee and herbal product